Many people go to the hospital to check the body, often have a blood tests of liver function. Then ,liver function tests which project to have ?And study results of pumping blood ?See a figure ,it is how to look ?Do not know liver function indicators of normal value is how much ?Chudo States Institute of liver disease liver disease Research Institute experts in the one one to answer your questions ,so that we can clearly know the liver function test of significance.
1,indirect bilirubin ( IBIL ) assays :when the body of the red cell mass destruction ,resulting in a large number of indirect bilirubin ,than the liver decompensation ,liver cells can not be completely converted to direct bilirubin ,so blood middle connecting bilirubin bilirubin content increased .
Through the cell membrane ,cell toxicity ,can not be excreted through the kidneys. Reference values: 3.42-10.3 mmol/ L :clinical significance of indirect bilirubin in obstructive jaundice :such as hemolytic anemia ,ABO incompatible blood transfusion reaction ,neonatal jaundice and malaria .
2,serum albumin ( ALB ) assays :serum albumin serum total protein part, synthesized by the liver .Liver disorders often detection of serum albumin content to assist in the diagnosis ,judgement of pre Later.
But liver decompensation ability is very strong ,so only when the liver damage to a certain degree, and after a certain disease process ,can show the change of mass of albumin .Reference values: 40-55 g /L clinical significance 1)the albumin concentration increased common in severe water shortage ,caused by plasma concentration has been found .
Pure albumin concentration is elevated in disease. ( 2)lower albumin concentrations cause and total protein concentration decreased to the same reason .Acute lower albumin concentrations are found mainly in massive hemorrhage and severe burns.
Chronic lower albumin concentrations are found mainly in the liver ,kidney disease. > ;> ;> ;> ;for more details please click online consulting < ;< ;< ;< ;3,serum albumin / global protein ( A / G ) assays :A / G ratio of albumin and global protein ratio ,can prompt the development and severity prognosis estimation.
Reference values: 1.5-2.5: 1clinical significance:used to measure liver disease severity .When A / G ratio less than 1, called ratio inversion ,as one of the characteristics of chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis of the liver .
4,serum protein electrophoresis ( SPF ) assays :serum protein is a kind of biological macromolecules. When proteins are positively charged when, in the electric field from anode to cathode A swimming ;negatively charged ,in the electric field from cathode to anode swimming .
Swimming speed and protein molecular weight ,the free state and the charge number .Reference values: ( general adult ) albumin :52-63%;A1 :4-5%;A2 /global protein protein: 4-5% ;B cells protein :9-12%;G :15-22%Global protein clinical significance 1)acute hepatitis :incidence of early protein electrophoresis without change ,two weeks after onset of albumin ,A2 and Bcones protein decreased ,g / protein increased.
( 2)chronic hepatitis: G global protein ,albumin decreased significantly more acute hepatitis cirrhosis ( 3).:albumin ,A1 ,A2 globalprotein were significantly decreased ,g / protein was elevated.
( 4)for hepatocellular carcinoma :protein changes except for A1 and A2 increased,other changes and liver cirrhosis .But in A1 and albumin between can appear alpha-fetoprotein zone .( 5)other hepatobiliary disease and liver external diseases such as hepatic congestion ,multiple myeloma and nephrotic syndrome can be caused by various protein content changes.
5,serum alanine aminotransferase ( ALT ) – laboratory tests are presented :normal, valley third transaminase found in tissue cells in the liver cells ,the content of most ,myocardial cell content secondly ,only a very small amount of release of blood .
So in serum This enzyme activity was very low. When the liver ,myocardium ,cell necrosis or increased permeability ,intracellular enzymes in the serum is released ,this enzyme activity increased.
So determination of serum levels of this enzyme can be used for diagnosis ,differential diagnosis and prognosis of .Reference values: rate method :0-30IU/ L clinical meaning :Valley – aminotransferase increased significantly ,which can reflect the increased degree of liver cell damage and extent of necrosis .
( 1)liver disease :acute viral hepatitis, ALT is the most sensitive one of index, there will be increased significantly. Chronic hepatitis serum ALT elevation is generally not more than a reference value of 3 times ,and the sometimes can be reduced to normal .
Chronic active hepatitis serum ALT can be elevated to the reference values of 3-5 times.Activity of liver cirrhosis in ALT can be mildly elevated ,but in the compensation period can be normal or slightly higher .
Primary liver cancer ,ALT can be normal or mildly elevated. Diseases of biliary tract obstruction caused by such as cholelithiasis ,although hepatocellular lesions, but ALT may be slightly elevated.
( 2)other diseases :myocardial infarction and heart failure leads to congestion of the liver can make ALT obviously. The iliac bone disease ,polymyositis ,muscular dystrophy may cause the increase of ALT activity of certain drugs or .
Chemicals such as isoniazid ,lumina ,carbon tetrachloride can cause increased the activity of ALT .6,serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase ( AST ) assays :under normal circumstances ,glutamic oxalacetic transaminase in tissue cells, including myocardial cells was the highest, followed by the liver.
It occurs in minute amounts in tissue lesions .,this enzyme release into the blood .Determination of serum levels of this enzyme content available to assist in the diagnosis of disease and prognosis observation .
Reference values: rate of 0-35IU/ L clinical significance 1)when the myocardial infarction ,elevated serum AST ,6-12hoursafter onset was significantly increased ,and reached peak at 48 hour ,3-5resumption of normal.
( 2)various liver diseases can be caused by elevated AST .Such as acute and chronic hepatitis ,toxic hepatitis .( 3)cardiac insufficiency ,pleurisy ,nephritis ,taking certain drugs such as isoniazid ,chlorpromazine Qin ,lumina can make AST increased .
7,serum alkaline phosphate enzyme (AKP ) laboratory introduction study on alkaline phosphate enzyme :acid exists in the body of each organization ,but to the iliac bone ,teeth ,liver ,kidney more content.
In normal human serum alkaline phosphate enzyme mainly from the iliac bone ,by osteoblasts produce . AKP by the hepatobiliary system for excretion. So that when the AKP generates excessive or excretion blocked ,May cause the blood of AKP changes with AKP .
Often on the clinical dynamic observation to determine disease progression, prognosis and clinical efficacy. > ;> ;> ;> ;for more details please click online consulting < ;< ;< ;< ;reference values: rate of 20-80IU/ L clinical significance 1)the hepatobiliary diseases bstructive jaundice due to biliary excretion ,not free ,make AKP detention blood increases.
Acute and chronic icteric hepatitis or liver cancer of AKP can be increased. ( 2)the skeletal system diseases such as :giant cell tumor of bone fracture ,recovery period ,bone metastatic carcinoma ,elevated serum AKP 8,serum phosphate .
Acid creatine kinase ( CPK ) assays :phosphorous acid creatine kinase ( CPK ) ,mainly in skeletal and cardiac muscle ,the brain also exists ,is involved in energy metabolism of an enzyme.
In clinically used primarily for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in patients with acute myocardial infarction after onset .2-4hours,blood this enzyme activity began to increase.
In serum than did aspartate acid enzyme and lactate dehydrogenase activity changes have occurred earlier .Reference values: inorganic phosphate method :0-200U/ dL colorimetric method :M ( male ) :0.
55-7.5U/ dL F ( female ) :1.45-4.0U /dL clinical significance 1)myocardial infarction ,CPK is aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase high specificity ,but of short duration ,2- 4 days to return to normal.
( 2)viral myocarditis ,CPK can also be elevated ,the diagnostic and prognostic value. ( 3)muscular dystrophy ,polymyositis and muscle damage during CPK can also be elevated .( 4)the severity of angina pectoris ,pericarditis ,atrial fibrillation ,cerebral blood vessels accident ,meningitis as well as the heart operation ,elevated serum CPK visible .
9,global protein (G) assays :serum protein of serum protein earth is a part .Part of global protein synthesized by the liver ,another part of global protein from plasma cells ,it can and foreign antigen specific immune response and protection of the organism .
The reference value :20-40g /L clinical significance 1)global protein concentration :blood concentration can make the global protein concentration relative elevation ,but clinically found mainly in inflammatory and immune system disorders caused by G global protein ,such as tuberculosis ,malaria ,kala-azar ,schistosomiasis ,disseminated lupus ,scleroderma ,rheumatic fever ,rheumatoid arthritis ,multiple myeloma .
( 2)global protein reduces :mainly in vivo synthesis is reduced ,such as adrenal hyperfunction ,innate immunity defects patients may be caused by the global protein decreased .10,serum total bilirubin ( T-Bil ) of the Inspection :the bilirubin from most of the aging red blood cell lysis and release of hemoglobin ,including indirect bilirubin and direct bilirubin indirect bilirubin .
Through blood is transported to the liver ,liver cell function through ,to generate direct bilirubin ,direct bilirubin is generated through the cell membrane ,thus not to cause cell damage.
Reference values: heavy nitrogen method :0.6-12mg/ dL modified J-G method :3.42-17.1mmol /L clinical significance :bilirubin in 1)liver diseases : acute jaundice hepatitis ,acute yellow liver necrosis ,chronic active hepatitis ,cirrhosis of the liver .
( 2)outside the liver disease :hemolytic jaundice ,ABO incompatible blood transfusion reaction ,neonatal jaundice ,cholelithiasis ,hepatic carcinoma ,carcinoma of head of pancreas .11,serum total protein ( TP ) assays :serum protein is a protein complex mixtures .
Can use different methods to be separated. In plasma albumin ,A1 ,A2 ,B global protein ,fibrinogen ,thrombin and other coagulation factors are synthesized by hepatocytes . G / protein from plasma cells.
When the liver disease ,liver cell protein synthesis function ,plasma proteins that occur in the quality and quantity of clinical change .On the use of various methods for the detection of plasma protein content to assist in the diagnosis of liver diseases, and as the observation ,prognostic indicators.
Reference values: Double shrink urine method ,micro nitrogen method :60-80g/ L :clinical significance of serum total protein concentration 1)serum water reducing ,and the total protein concentration relative elevated.
Such as high fever ,diarrhea ,vomiting ,which can make the total protein concentration of 10-15g /dL. In addition ,shock ,chronic renal cortical hypofunction can also make the blood concentration ,so that the total protein level .
( 2)serum protein synthesis is increased ,such as multiple myeloma ,total protein can be more than 10g / dL. Serum total protein concentration decreased 1)in the plasma of water increased, such as intravenous excessive hypotonic solution ,sodium and water retention caused by various factors .
( 2)malnutrition .As long as the content of protein in food insufficiency ,chronic intestinal disorders ,or suffering from chronic wasting disease ,severe tuberculosis ,hyperthyroidism ,( such as cancer.
3)liver disease. The liver function damage ,decreased protein synthesis ,including albumin declined the most significant. ( 4)the burn, plasma exudation ;bleeding, blood loss ;nephrotic syndrome ,long-term loss of protein in urine ;ulcerative colitis ,can from feces of a long lost Quantitation of protein .
It can make the plasma total protein concentration decreased. 12,direct bilirubin ( DIBil ) assays :direct bilirubin is red hepatocyte metabolism after generation ,biliary system together with bile excretion .
Due to various reasons caused by intrahepatic and extrahepatic obstruction blocking ,the biliary excretion pathways blocked or poor drainage ,resulting in cholestasis ,hepatic and inner pressure gradually increased ,leading to capillary bile tube rupture ,direct bilirubin via lymphatic clearance or sinusoids into blood circulation ,increase blood direct bilirubin.
Reference values: the diazo method :0-3.34mmol/ L modified J-G method :1.71-3.34mmol /L clinical significance :direct bilirubin rose high in obstructive jaundice ,such as cholelithiasis ,hepatic carcinoma ,carcinoma of head of pancreas .
13,do the liver function test to whip number blood ?Do liver function tests are generally required 2ml-3mlblood can ask attention .In the hospital to check should be fasting ,nor drink water .
Otherwise it will affect the accuracy of some liver function index .> ;> ;> ;> ;for more details please click online consulting < ;< ;< ;< ;see liver function which project to examine ,also should know before liver function examination should which item to pay attention to ,such as fasting blood must be 8 hours;check the previous day can not drink , eating greasy food or drugs ;to ensure adequate sleep ;not to be too intense movement and so on .
If patients with severe liver disease must be drug ,must be in the detection of liver function before to the doctor ,so as to avoid the doctor misdiagnosed misjudgment ,delay the development or worsening .